Forms of Verbs
वाक्य विन्यास में Tenses का विशेष महत्व है जिसमें Verbs के विभिन्न रूपों (Forms )का प्रयोग किया जाता है। यहाँ हम सिर्फ Verb के उन रूपों की चर्चा करेंगे।
1. Present Tense Form
2. Past Tense Form
3. Past Participle Form
4. Present Participle Form
1. Present Tense Form
यह क्रिया का First Form है। इसमें मूल क्रिया का प्रयोग होता है। इस रूप का प्रयोग Tense के निम्नलिखित भेदों में होता है
(a) Simple Present Present Indefinite Tense.
(b) Simple Past या Past Indefinite Tense
(सिर्फ प्रश्नावाचक तथा नकारात्मक वाक्यों में)
(c) Future Indefinite Tense
2. Past Tense Form
इसमें Verb के Second Form का प्रयोग होता है और उसके अंतर्गत Tense के Pat Indefinite या Simple Past के Affirmative वाक्य बनते हैं।
3. Past Participle Form
Verb के Third Form को Past Participle Form कहते हैं।इस रूप का प्रयोग निम्नलिखित वाक्यों में होता है
(a) Present Perfect Tense
(b) Past Perfect Tense
(c) Future Perfect Tense
(d) Passive Voice
4. Present Participle Form
इस Form में मूल Verb में ing जोड़ दिया जाता है. इस रूप का प्रयोग निम्नलिखित प्रकार के वाक्यों में होता है
(a) Present Continuous
(b) Past Continuous
(c) Future Continuous
(d) Present Perfect Continuous
(e) Past Perfect Continuous
(f) Future Perfect Continuous
यहाँ कुछ प्रमुख Verbs के विभिन्न रूपों की तालिका दी जा रही है -
Group-1
Group -2
Note :- इस group के verbs ke 2nd तथा 3rd Form में d, Ed या t लगता है।
Group -3
Note:- इस Group के verbs के तीनों Form एक जैसे होते हैं।
Exercise for Practice
(A) Pick out the objects in the following sentences
1.The teacher teaches us English.
2. He killed a tiger.
3. The poet composes a poem.
4.I write a book
5.My mother loves me.
6 Murari purchased a pen.
7. Radha sings a song.
8. He eats an apple.
9. Kuldeep reads a book.
10. Geeta reads Latin.
(b) Pick out the Transitive and Intransitive verbs :
1. Radha loves Mohan.
2. They are walking.
3. Hari weeps.
4. The cow grazes
5. You laugh.
6.She is dancing.
7. He killed a tiger
8. He writes a letter.
9.The dog barks.
10. Ram reads a book.
(C) Pick out the objects and complements in the following sentences:
1. She is a very beautiful girl.
2. I eat a mango
3. Radha is a girl.
4. They are playing football.
5. Mohan wears a shirt.
6. Mukesh is a farmer.
7. Shyam is sad.
8.You are happy.
9. Ram is a boy
10. He teaches you Hindi.
11. You are taking tea.
(D) Use 'shall' or 'will in the gaps:
1.The train.....arrive at 7.00 pm.
2. He... turn a beggar if he is so reckless.
3. I.......be forty-five in July next.
4. You........ be punished if you don't prepare your lesson.
5. When.......you call?
6.I .......show you the young kitten my pussy has brought forth.
7. You........fall ill if you don't pay attention to your health.
8. He........be fifty next year.
9.........you have more eggs?
10. When.......we grow wise?
11. I......see you tomorrow.
12. You.........be turned out of the room, if you are noisy
13.........you have some more coffee.
14. When.......he grow wise?
15........he mend his ways?
16.......you attend the meeting?
17.Ram......return your book next Tuesday.
18.He......smoke although he has been punished by the teacher many a time.
19.He ........have his way.
20. I...... beat you if you abuse me.
21. You.....get this book as a reward.
Common Errors
Incorrect
1. I is the Headmaster of this school.
2. I have never and shall never accuse a man.
3. I have never and shall never believe it.
4. They did not and could not have known the truth.
5. You have and will help me in future as well.
6. No state has or can adopt such a policy.
7. The horse and carriage are standing at the gate.
8. How you know that?
9. Will I get the first prize?
10. Stop to work.
11. The hen has given two eggs.
12. What make me laugh?
13. He had gone there yesterday.
14. Ram left home before his father arrived.
15. If Mina will work hard, she will pass.
16. The teacher will take us a test tomorrow,
17. The old man died before his son reached
18. The child is suffering from fever since Sunday
Correct
I am the Headmaster of this school.
2. I have never accused and shall never accuse a man.
3. I have never believed and shall never believe it.
4. I did not know and could not have known the truth.
5. You have helped and will help me in future as well.
6. No state has adopted or can adopt such a policy.
7. The horse and carriage is standing at the gate.
8. How do you know that?
9. Shall I get the first prize?
10. Stop working
11. The hen has laid two eggs.
12. What does make me laugh?
13. He went there yesterday.
14. Ram had left home before his father arrived.
15. If Mina works hard, she will pass.
16. The teacher will give us a test tomorrow.
17. The old man had died before his son reached.
18. The child has been suffering from fever since Sunday.
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